The framework defines different kinds of parts. The generic class is Part and is the one that provides the basic functionality for a part: widget, XML, and actions. The
class ReadOnlyPart provides a common framework for all parts that implement any kind of viewer. A text viewer, an image viewer, a PostScript viewer, and a Web browser are all viewers. What they have in common is that they all act on a URL, and in a read-only way. It has always been a design decision in KDE to provide network transparency wherever possible, which is why most KDE applications use URLs, not only filenames. The framework defines methods for opening a URL, closing a URL, and above all provides network transparency—by downloading the file, if remote, and emitting signals (started, progression, completed). The part itself has to provide only openFile(), which opens a local file. This common framework for read-only parts enables applications to embed all viewers the same way and to better control those parts. For instance, when Konqueror uses a read-only part to display a file, it can make it open the file using openURL() and get all the progress information from the part. All this is not available in the generic Part class.
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Another kind of part is the ReadWritePart, which is an extension of the read-only one, to which it obviously adds the possibility to modify and save the document. This is the one used by a text editor part such as KWrite's, as well as all KOffice parts. For read/write parts, the framework provides the other half of the network transparency— re-uploading the document when saving, for remote files. A read/write part must also know how to act read-only, in case it is used as a read-only part. This is what happens when embedding KWrite or KOffice into Konqueror to view a text file, without being allowed to edit the file. More generally, any editor can be and must know how to be a viewer, as well.
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